Burden of disease in adults admitted to hospital in a rural region of coastal Kenya: an analysis of data from linked clinical and demographic surveillance systems

ABSTRACT

Lancet Glob Health

BACKGROUND: Estimates of the burden of disease in adults in sub-Saharan Africa largely rely on models of sparse data. We aimed to measure the burden of disease in adults living in a rural area of coastal Kenya with use of linked clinical and demographic surveillance data. METHODS: We used data from 18,712 adults admitted to Kilifi District Hospital (Kilifi, Kenya) between Jan 1, 2007, and Dec 31, 2012, linked to 790,635 person-years of observation within the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System, to establish the rates and major causes of admission to hospital. These data were also used to model disease-specific disability-adjusted life-years lost in the population. We used geographical mapping software to calculate admission rates stratified by distance from the hospital. FINDINGS: The main causes of admission to hospital in women living within 5 km of the hospital were infectious and parasitic diseases (303 per 100,000 person-years of observation), pregnancy-related disorders (239 per 100,000 person-years of observation), and circulatory illnesses (105 per 100,000 person-years of observation). Leading causes of hospital admission in men living within 5 km of the hospital were infectious and parasitic diseases (169 per 100,000 person-years of observation), injuries (135 per 100,000 person-years of observation), and digestive system disorders (112 per 100,000 person-years of observation). HIV-related diseases were the leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years lost (2050 per 100,000 person-years of observation), followed by non-communicable diseases (741 per 100,000 person-years of observation). For every 5 km increase in distance from the hospital, all-cause admission rates decreased by 11% (95% CI 7-14) in men and 20% (17-23) in women. The magnitude of this decline was highest for endocrine disorders in women (35%; 95% CI 22-46) and neoplasms in men (30%; 9-45). INTERPRETATION: Adults in rural Kenya face a combined burden of infectious diseases, pregnancy-related disorders, cardiovascular illnesses, and injuries. Disease burden estimates based on hospital data are affected by distance from the hospital, and the amount of underestimation of disease burden differs by both disease and sex. FUNDING: The Wellcome Trust, GAVI Alliance.

Etyang, A. O., Munge, K., Bunyasi, E. W., Matata, L., Ndila, C., Kapesa, S., Owiti, M., Khandwalla, I., Brent, A. J., Tsofa, B., Kabibu, P., Morpeth, S., Bauni, E., Otiende, M., Ojal, J., Ayieko, P., Knoll, M. D., Smeeth, L., Williams, T. N., Griffiths, U. K., Scott, J. A.

Pages:e216-24, Volume:2, Edition:5/2/2014, Date,Apr

Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24782954

Notes:Etyang, Anthony O|Munge, Kenneth|Bunyasi, Erick W|Matata, Lena|Ndila, Carolyne|Kapesa, Sailoki|Owiti, Maureen|Khandwalla, Iqbal|Brent, Andrew J|Tsofa, Benjamin|Kabibu, Pamela|Morpeth, Susan|Bauni, Evasius|Otiende, Mark|Ojal, John|Ayieko, Philip|Knoll, Maria D|Smeeth, Liam|Williams, Thomas N|Griffiths, Ulla K|Scott, J Anthony G|eng|098532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|091758/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|100714/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|098504/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|092654/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|076934/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom|Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t|England|2014/05/02 06:00|Lancet Glob Health. 2014 Apr;2(4):e216-24. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70023-3.

ISBN: 2214-109X (Electronic)|2214-109X (Linking) Permanent ID: PMC3986034 Accession Number: 24782954

Author Address: KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya | Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya.|KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.|Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya.|KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya | Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya | Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK | Imperial College, London, UK.|KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya | Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya | Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.|KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya | INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana.|Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.|KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya | Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya | INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana | Imperial College, London, UK.|KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya | Kilifi District Hospital, Kilifi, Kenya | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK | Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK | INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana.

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